As aggregation bias increases, Goodman's regression becomes biased
without limit. The bias in EI, in contrast, has a maximum value that
is a function of the bounds. This is easy to see in Figure 9.6,
p.180; note how the mean absolute error for the dotted line at the
top, for example, is linear in the low aggregation bias region (where
), but for higher levels of aggregation bias it levels
off; in contrast, the mean absolute error for Goodman's and any method
that does not incorporate the bounds will increase linearly without
limit until the correlation of and
is 1.