Incumbency Advantage
Proof that previously used estimators of electoral incumbency advantage were biased, and a new unbiased estimator. Also, the first systematic demonstration that constituency service by legislators increases the incumbency advantage.
How to Estimate the Electoral Advantage of Incumbency
Proves that all previous measures of incumbency advantage in the congressional elections literature were biased or inconsistent, and develops an unbiased estimator based on a simple linear regression model. . 1990. “Estimating Incumbency Advantage Without Bias.” American Journal of Political Science, 34, Pp. 1142–1164.Abstract
A general purpose method for analyzing multiparty electoral data, including estimating the incumbency advantage. . 1999. “A Statistical Model for Multiparty Electoral Data.” American Political Science Review, 93, Pp. 15–32.Abstract
A generalization of the previous article, more practical for larger numbers of parties (part of a symposium in the same issue of Political Analysis). . 2002. “A Fast, Easy, and Efficient Estimator for Multiparty Electoral Data.” Political Analysis, 10, Pp. 84–100.Abstract
Causes and Consequences
Systemic Consequences of Incumbency Advantage in the U.S. House.” American Journal of Political Science, 35, Pp. 110–138.Abstract
. 1991. “
The first systematic evidence that constituency service increases the electoral advantage of incumbency. . 1991. “Constituency Service and Incumbency Advantage.” British Journal of Political Science, 21, Pp. 119–128.Abstract
Data
The Record of American Democracy, 1984-1990.” Sociological Methods and Research, 26, Pp. 424–427. Publisher's Version
. 1998. “